This study will investigate the effect of nonpharmacological intervention in sleep quality, anxiety and delirium among adult ICU patients.
Inclusion Criteria
- Conscious and able to speak or write (GCS ≥ 11)
- Hemodynamically stable
- Normal hearing and able to communicate in a low voice
- Stay in ICU for more than 24 hours
- Aged over 18 years.
Exclusion Criteria
- Pre-existing insomnia diagnosis with long-term reliance on sleep medication,
- Sleep-related medical history such as sleep apnea
- Shift work prior to hospitalization
- Diagnosis of alcohol abuse or schizophrenia
- End-of-life or terminal conditions
- Allergy to essential oils
- Exclusion of dementia