This randomized controlled pretest-posttest experimental study aims to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) on pain and anxiety levels experienced during Pap smear sampling. Although cervical cancer is largely preventable through regular screening, many women avoid Pap smear testing due to anxiety, fear of pain, and discomfort during gynecological examinations. Innovative, non-invasive interventions are needed to improve women's screening experiences and participation rates.
The study will be conducted in a gynecology outpatient clinic with 60 women aged 18-65 years who meet the inclusion criteria and provide informed consent. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (VR headset during the procedure) or the control group (standard care). Women in the intervention group will watch a 360° relaxing nature video during the Pap smear procedure. Data will be collected using a Personal Information Form, the State Anxiety Inventory, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The findings may support integrating VR into clinical practice to enhance patient comfort during screening procedures.
Inclusion Criteria
- Women aged 18-65 years
- Scheduled for a Pap smear procedure
- Able to communicate in Turkish
- Able to understand and complete the study questionnaires
- Willing to provide written informed consent
- No visual or hearing impairment preventing the use of a VR headset
Exclusion Criteria
- History of severe motion sickness or vertigo
- Diagnosed psychiatric disorder affecting anxiety assessment
- Use of anxiolytic or sedative medication within 24 hours prior to the procedure
- Presence of acute pelvic pain or active vaginal infection
- Previous participation in this study
- Any condition preventing safe use of a VR headset