This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the effect of preoperative use of dexmedetomidine nasal spray on improving perioperative anxiety levels in patients undergoing elective supratentorial tumor resection.
Inclusion Criteria
- American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III
- Scheduled to undergo elective supratentorial tumor resection
- Preoperative STAI-S score \>45
- Obtain written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
- Severe hepatic or renal insufficiency
- Allergy to dexmedetomidine or its excipients
- Severe bradycardia (heart rate \<50 bpm), sick sinus syndrome, or second-/third-degree AV block without pacemaker
- Use of α2-agonists, benzodiazepines, or other sedatives/analgesics within 24 hours preoperatively
- History of alcohol, drug, or psychoactive substance dependence
- Diagnosed or suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
- Nasal anatomical abnormalities, acute rhinitis, epistaxis, or other nasal conditions affecting drug administration
- Pregnancy or lactation
- Communication barriers, psychiatric disorders, or cognitive impairment precluding scale completion
- Visual/hearing impairment or inability to read